Siffofin shuka
- Girma:Yawanci tana kai tsayin 0.6–2.4 m (2–8 ft) kuma fadi 0.6–2.4 m (2–8 ft), gwargwadon nau’i da irin; wasu siffofi na iya kaiwa kusan 6 m (20 ft).
- Bayanin ganye:Ganyaye kanana ne, daga oval zuwa zagaye, masu kama da fata, yawanci tsawonsu kusan 1.3–3.8 cm (0.5–1.5 in). A sama suna da kore mai duhu mai kyalli, a kasa sun fi haske. Rassa suna cunkushewa ta halitta, suna ba da irin waccan siffar kunci, mai kama da an gyara, tun ma kafin a yi yanke.
- Bayanin furanni:Furanni kanana ne kuma ba su da kayatarwa—kungiyoyin launin kore zuwa rawaya wadanda ke bayyana a bazara. Wasu boxwood suna iya fitar da kamshi a lokacin fure wanda wasu masu lambu ke dauka a matsayin marar dadi.
- Lokacin fure:Bazara (yawanci Afirilu–Mayu)
- Yanayin girma:Karamar bishiya mai cunkushewa kuma kunci, siffarta daga zagaye zuwa tsaye; tsaf take a dabi’a kuma tana amsa kyau ga siffantawa, tana dacewa kwarai da katanga da topiary.
Muhalli
Haske
Haske rana cikakke zuwa inuwa ta rabin lokaci. A wuraren da zafi ya fi, inuwa da yamma na taimakawa hana damuwa da konawar ganye; nufa awanni kusan 4–6 na hasken rana kai tsaye tare da kariya daga zafin rana mafi tsanani na karshen rana idan zai yiwu.
Zazzabi
Gabadaiya tana da daurewa kuma tana iya daidaitawa; ana yawan noman ta a USDA Zones 5–9. Shuke-shuken da suka kafa tushe na iya jure sanyi har kusan −29°C (−20°F), ko da yake iya samun bushewar kwankwolin rassan a yanayin sanyi kwarai (musamman a Zone 5).
Danshi
Tana fi son danshi matsakaici zuwa mai yawa da danshi mai dorewa, amma idan ta kafa tushe tana iya jure dan bushewa. Guji bushewa mai dorewa da iska mai karfi wadda za ta iya jawo konawar hunturu ko bronzing.
Kasa
Ta fi yin kyau a kasa loam mai magudanar ruwa sosai wadda aka wadatar da kayan halitta. Tana iya saba da nau’o’in kasa da dama amma ba ta son yanayin da kasa ke cike da ruwa (“wet feet”). Sau da yawa tana yin kyau a pH na kusa da tsaka-tsaki zuwa dan kadan mai alkali, kimanin pH 6.8–7.5.
Wuri
Ta dace da shuke-shuken kafa-gida, lambunan tsari, iyakoki, da tukwane. Zabi wuri mai kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, da dan kariya daga iska ta hunturu, kuma (a wuraren zafi) inuwa da yamma. Guji shuka inda kwarara ke sa tushe suna yawan jike kullum (misali, kusa da bututun zubar ruwa).
Juriya
USDA Zones 5–9; ku kare ta daga iska mai tsanani ta hunturu da karfaffen rana ta hunturu a yankuna masu sanyi domin rage bronzing da konawar ganye.
Jagorar kulawa
Matsayin wahala
Sauki zuwa matsakaici. Boxwood na dacewa da masu farawa idan an daidaita muhimman abubuwa—musamman magudanar ruwa, yawo na iska, da shayarwa mai hankali.
Jagorar saye
Sayi daga gonaki masu kima kuma zabi tsirrai masu ganye kore masu lafiya da suka cunkushe, tare da tsarin tushe mai karfi kuma mai kyau. Tambayi ko ana kula da kayan a karkashin shirin tsabta na boxwood blight, kuma idan akwai, zabi irin-irin da aka haifa ko aka zaba don karin juriya ga cututtuka.
Shayarwa
A cikin shekarun 1–2 na farko, ku yi ruwa sosai kusan sau daya a mako (sau da yawa idan zafi ya yi ko kasar yashi ce), ku mai da hankali ga yankin tushe maimakon jika ganyaye. Tsirran da suka kafa tushe yawanci suna bukatar shayarwa mai zurfi kowane makonni 2–4 a lokacin fari. Guji shayarwa sau da yawa mara zurfi, kuma ku rage ban-ruwa daga sama don rage matsin cututtuka.
Taki
Ciyar da ita a bazara kafin sabon girma ya fara ta amfani da taki mai amfani da yawa, kuna bin ka’idojin lakabi. Gwajin kasa ya fi kyau don daidaita sinadarai da guje wa wuce gona da iri na taki, wanda zai iya matsa wa tsarin tushe mai shakuwa da sama. Yada takin a kan yankin tushe kuma ku nisanta shi daga rassan da ganye.
Yanke
Fifita yankan rage cunkushewa (cire cikakken reshe zuwa inda ya hadu) don bari haske da iska su shiga ciki—wannan yana taimaka wa lafiyar tsiro da kuma hana cuta. Manyan yanke yawanci sun fi dacewa a hunturu (kimanin Disamba–Fabrairu). Guji yanke mai nauyi kuma ku guji yanke a karshen kaka wanda zai iya karfafa sabon girma mai laushi kafin hunturu.
Yadawa
Yankan reshe su ne mafi aminci: dauki yankan kan reshe 7.6–10.2 cm (3–4 in) a tsakiyar rani, cire ganyaye na kasa, goga bangare daya na reshen a hankali, sannan a tsirar da shi a cikin gaurayen dan rigar kamar yashi + peat + vermiculite har sai tushen sun kafa. Ana iya noman boxwood daga iri ma, yawanci tare da lokacin stratification na sanyi na kusan wata 1 sannan a bi da zafi don karfafa tsiro.
Sake dasawa
A cikin tukwane, yi amfani da tulu mai fadin kusan daidai da tsayin tsiron don kwanciyar hankali da isashen wuri ga tushe. Sake dasa shi cikin dan tulu mafi girma idan tsiron ya yi cunkuson tushe, ku daidaita danshi kuma ku sa ido sosai kan zafin rana da bushewa a lokacin rani.
📅 Kalandar kulawa na yanayi
Bazara: Yi taki kafin fitar sabon girma; sa ido kan kwari kamar leafminer. Rani: Ku yi ruwa sosai a lokacin fari; ku samar da inuwa da yamma a wuraren zafi; ku guji jika ganyaye. Kaka: Rage shayarwa yayin da girma ke raguwa; yi mulching kuma ku yi ruwa sosai kafin daskarewa. Hunturu: Kare daga iska da karfaffen rana ta hunturu (allon burlap na iya taimakawa); ku yi tsammanin dan bronzing a wuraren da suke bayyane, wanda yawanci zai koma kore a bazara.
Kwari, cututtuka da tsaro
Kwari da cututtuka da aka fi gani
Muhimman kwari sun hada da boxwood leafminer (wanda sau da yawa shi ne mafi cutarwa), boxwood psyllid, mites, oystershell scale, kuma—a wasu yankuna—box tree moth. A kula da su ta hanyar karfafa lafiyar shuka, sa ido akai-akai, da amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa da aka nufa kamar man aikin gona, sabulu mai kashe kwari, ko (idan ya dace) magungunan kashe kwari na tsarin. Manyan cututtuka sun hada da boxwood blight (na iya jawo tabo da saurin zubar da ganye), Volutella blight (canjin launin ganye da ciwukan reshe, wani lokaci tare da jikin ‘ya’yan itace masu launin salmon-pink), Macrophoma leaf spot, da rube war tushe a kasa mai karancin magudanar ruwa. Rigakafi ya mai da hankali kan ire-iren da ke da juriya, magudanar ruwa mai kyau kwarai, yin tazara don yawo na iska, rage cunkushewa don bude ganyen sama, da tsafta (cire ganyen da suka fadi da tarkacen da cuta ta kama).
Guba
Mai guba idan mutane ko dabbobin gida sun ci. Ku nisanta yankewa da tsire-tsire daga yara, karnuka, kuliyoyi, da dabbobin kiwo.
Al’adu da alama
Alama:Akan danganta shi sau da yawa da tsawon rai, juriya, da rayuwa “mai dorewa”—abin da ya dace da koren-kullum da ke rike launinsa har cikin hunturu. A al’adun Kirista, boxwood kuma alama ce ta jajircewa kuma an danganta shi da al’adun Ranar Palma.
Tarihi da tatsuniyoyi:An dade ana noma boxwood tsawon dubban shekaru. Al’ummomin tsohon yankin Bahar Rum sun daraja shi duka a matsayin shukar lambu da kuma saboda itacensa mai matukar tauri da kwaya mai laushi. A Turai ta Kirista, ya hadu da al’adu na addini, musamman a matsayin madadin ganye na palma a bukukuwan Ranar Palma. A Arewacin Amurka, an shigar da boxwood da wuri—tun a 1653—kuma ana murnar da wasu dasa-dasa na tarihi (misali wadanda ke da alaka da Shelter Island, New York) a yau saboda tsufansu da kasancewarsu a matsayin “masu gadin tarihi” masu rai.
Amfani:Kwalliya: Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun karamar bishiya don katanga, gefe, topiary, lambunan tsari, iyakoki, da tukwane—yana kara tsari na duk shekara da launin koren-kullum. Aikin katako: An daraja shi a tarihi don sassaka, tubalan zanen katako, kayan kida, da kayan aikin daidaito saboda kwayarsa mai kauri kuma mai santsi. Al’adu: Ana amfani da shi a bukukuwan addini da na yanayi daban-daban, musamman inda kananan rassan koren-kullum ke nuna ci gaba da sabuntawa.
Tambayoyin da aka fi yi
Nawa saurin girman boxwood yake?
A hankali—sau da yawa kusan 7.6–15.2 cm (3–6 in) a shekara. Wannan jinkirin girman shi ne dalilin da yasa boxwood ke rike siffofi masu tsafta sosai kuma suke zama katanga masu cunkushewa a hankali da lokaci.
Me yasa boxwood dina ke zama launin tagulla a hunturu?
Bronzing na hunturu yawanci amsa ce ta damuwa ga sanyi, iskar bushewa da hasken rana mai karfi na hunturu. Yana yawan raguwa yayin da yanayi ke dumi a bazara. Dasawa a wuri mai kariya, shayarwa sosai kafin kasa ta daskare, yin mulching, da amfani da kariyar iska na iya rage shi.
Shin boxwood na iya murmurewa daga mummunar lahani?
Yawanci, eh—boxwood na iya dawowa daga konawar hunturu, kwari, har ma da yanke mai tsanani idan tushe suna lafiya. Duk da haka, rubewar tushe mai tsanani ko boxwood blight na iya zama mummuna; sau da yawa ya fi kyau a cire tsirran da blight ya kama don kare sauran boxwood kusa.
Shin akwai madadin boxwood idan ina damuwa da blight?
Eh. Japanese holly (Ilex crenata), wasu hollies masu kananan ganye, da nau’o’in conifers masu kunci na iya kwaikwayon kyan koren-kullum mai tsabta ba tare da saurin kamuwa da boxwood blight ba.
Bayanai masu ban sha’awa
- An kira boxwood daya daga cikin tsoffin kayan ado na lambu da dan Adam ya noma, tare da tarihi da ya koma dubban shekaru baya.
- Itacen boxwood yana da kauri sosai har yana iya nitsewa cikin ruwa, abin da ya sa aka daraja shi don kayan aikin daidaito da sassaka mai cikakken daki-daki.
- Wasu boxwood na tarihi sun rayu tsawon karnoni, suna mai da su siffofi na dogon lokaci a tsofaffin lambuna da gidaje.
- Kwayarsa madaidaiciya mai laushi ta sa boxwood ya zama kayan da aka fi so don tubalan zanen katako a farkon bugu da zane-zane.